January 7 Log. January 5 Log. January 3 Log. January 1 Log. December 29 Log. December 28 Log. December 26 Log.
December 25 Log. December 24 Log. December 22 Log. December 20 Log. December 18 Log. December 14 Log. December 13 Log. December 10 Log. December 8 Log. Criterion x : contain the most representative natural habitats and important for in situ conservation of biological diversity, particularly those who endangered species survive that have an Outstanding Universal Value from the point of view of science or conservation. In the continuum that extends from the abyssal depths and uneven topographic structures, hills and underwater aspects, through the short continental shelf and coastal areas to the inland habitats more plans and wooded coves, wetlands and large hillsides and mountains, which is part of the highest point of Portugal and Middle-Atlantic Ridge, are geological structures such as hydrothermal vents, caves, caverns and Algares, volcanoes and secondary manifestations of volcanism which are habitats that harbor great biodiversity, with plenty of endemic species, characteristic of the isolation of the islands in the center of the Atlantic, and various protection statutes at national and international level.
Some species, such as those present in the vents, there are at current knowledge, anywhere else in the world. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an imposing geological manifestation.
It is the longest range on the plant. Its development at the juncture of different tectonic plates stands out in this region, where the archipelago of the Azores is located.
It is at this meeting point of three tectonic plates that the Platform of the Azores arises, where MAR is integrated. The sinking of these seamounts occurs due to geological phenomena which continuously shape the geographical evolution and whose consequences are visible in the territories above sea level, having an impact on the everyday life and culture of Azorean populations.
The curiosity and respect for natural phenomena resulted in a religious way of life profoundly linked with geological phenomena, such as earthquakes and volcanoes, progressively complemented by an informed and pro-nature attitude.
This attitude boosted early on the development of different protection instruments, specifically in the most impressive and beautiful sites. The different UNESCO classifications that this region holds and which fall upon the property demonstrate this and certify its integrity. The representative areas that were selected demonstrate the richest and the most diverse conditions of this kind of geological manifestations in the geographical context in which the property is in and correspond to all the protected areas already classified under nature conservation diplomas, in order to ensure its coherence.
In addition to the described areas, the whole area of the archipelago is considered, in order to guarantee this way the standard of quality of the area for future classification.
The structures included in this property look to encompass all their manifestations and components. This is why the polygons selected to define the property are broad enough. The dimensions are considered sufficient to contain the necessary elements, which demonstrate key aspects of the processes that characterize the property. Regarding the defined area on this list, the Azores region has some characteristics that give uniqueness to clear exceptional value.
There is no other place on the planet that contains the geographic and geological setting of the MAR of the Azores:. About us. Special themes. Major programmes. For the Press. Help preserve sites now! Join the , Members. Search Advanced. Criteria Criteria: with only with. Cultural Criteria: i ii iii iv v vi Natural Criteria: vii viii ix x.
Cultural Natural Mixed. By year Country Region Year and country. Mid-Atlantic Ridge Portugal. Export Word File. Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party. Description Definition and delimitation of property The Mid-Atlantic Ridge MAR is a volcanic mountain range that rises from the Atlantic abyssal plain, extending from the Arctic Gakkel Ridge to the Antarctic Bouvet Triple Junction across the two hemispheres, ranging more than 16, km.
Within the context of the extended area that constitutes the property of the indicative list, the following relevant areas are highlighted: Seamounts of the Meteor Complex: This area is a group of seamounts located approximately at km south of the Azores and 1, km NW of the African continent. Within this area, and emphasizing the value of the inventoried property, a set of five visible events were selected from the MAR, included in the indicative list , that constitute an unique interest due to the fact that they represent unique and spectacular manifestations of this structure: Portugal — Volcano of Pico Mountain: This elevation corresponds to a stratovolcano, geologically very recent, which last eruption took place in the year A.
It reaches a maximum altitude of m above sea level the highest point of Portugal and has a height of about m above adjacent sea, corresponding to the third largest polygenetic volcano in North Atlantic. At the top of the volcanic cone there is a crater with a pit crater type collapse, with a diameter of m and a depth of 20 m, which stands a small lava cone, the "Piquinho", about 70 m high. In terms of mountain formation, this took place in three phases: Phase I: corresponded to the building of a large volcanic cone, which have reached probably similar dimensions to the current cone.
Table 1 - Most characteristic flora species of the Mountain. Species Common name Distribution Silene uniflora ssp. The three main hydrothermal fields Menez Gwen, m deep; Lucky Strike, m deep, and Rainbow, m deep are classified as nature reservations and are an inherent part of the Azores Marine Park.
Biological communities that inhabit these hydrothermal vents are physiologically adapted to these extreme conditions, and settle all their ecology into the energy of hydrothermal fluids.
Primary producers do not depend on the energy of sunlight to produce organic matter from carbon dioxide, like other ecosystems of the biosphere. Chemosynthetic microorganisms serve as food for mussels, shrimp and other species that are densely aggregated around hydrothermal vents. These areas include mineral accumulations with very high concentrations of polymetallic deposits and rare sediments, result of the precipitation of the chemicals brought by hydrothermal fluid to the surface of the seafloor.
The mouth of the algar has dimensions of 17x27 m and gives way to a first vertical pipe with about 45 m gap. There follows a 18 m ramp, that corresponds to a gravity deposit mainly composed of rocks, result of landslides from the ceiling and walls of the algar. After this ramp, there is a new vertical slope, which ends in a pool with clear water, sustained by rainwater, and reaching depths of 15 m, that is almost completely dry in the summer in years of low precipitation.
The volcanic cavity develops longitudinally for about 90 m according to a general E-W direction. The beauty of this algar also shows itself in the vegetable stand that covers the inside of the cone, which incidentally is a very characteristic habitat - a volcanic chimney.
Although the plant communities develop up to 64 m below the mouth of the algar , life is present throughout the volcanic cavity, with the presence of algae and molds. On the perimeter surrounding the entrance of the algar , there is an arboreal community composed of species such as Ilex perado subsp.
Then passes to an herbaceous environment, with Lysimachia azorica , Hedera helix , several Carex , Leontodon rigens , Luzula purpureo-splendens and Prunella vulgar is, as well as several species of mosses and liverworts.
In the bottom, biodiversity lowers considerably and there are only a few ferns and mosses. Finally, in the shadows, there is only diatom and chlorophyta algae and molds left. In terms of fauna, of vertebrates, it is possible to observe different birds that seek refuge here.
A night visit provides the observation of birds like the House Sparrow Passer domesticus , Common Blackbird Turdus merula azorensis and the Chaffinch Fringilla fringilla. There is no record of the presence of any vertebrate including bats inside the algar, apart from occasional dead rabbits, the fall in the algar.
However, the algar has a considerable amount of cave-dwelling arthropods, with several identified troglobite species, most notably a spider whose main population in the world is limited to this cavity, Turinyphia cavernicola. Noteworthy, though, is the presence of several species of bryophytes which are included in the Red List of Bryophytes of Europe ECCB , highlighting the Alophosia azorica , Calypogeia azorica , Dumortiera hirsuta subsp.
It is a large and imposing lava cave located in the southeast side of Graciosa Island, m long, m wide and 50 m high in the middle.
The cave is characterized by having a perfect dome shape ceiling, considered the largest volcanic dome in Europe, communicating with the outside through two openings arranged along a northwest-southeast direction.
The cave interior possesses a cold water lake and a mud fumarole. The latter is characterized by releasing carbon dioxide that can reach concentrations considered dangerous to humans and are therefore subject to continuous monitoring. The release of methane, radon and hydrogen sulfide also occurs, being responsible for the smell that gives the name to this cave. Considered unique in the world, both in vulcanological terms and speleological value, its genesis is associated with an important effusive intracaldera phase, Hawaiian type, which involved the formation of a lava lake, which was drained through this cavity.
Currently there is an interpretation center of this rare geological structure, a support to visitors. Shaw, Cyclodictyon laetevirens Hook. Cardot and Tetrastichium fontanum Mitt. The Capelinhos was the subject of the first detailed scientific description of a surtseyan type eruption, in this case benefited from the proximity of a lighthouse that was located in front of the place where it occurred. During the active phase of this phenomenon, national and international teams of renowned scientists made observations, maps, notes, chemical analysis, photos and footage, which allowed for the first time to describe this type of volcano.
The Capelinhos, at the west end of Faial Island, was active between September 27, and October 24, , which created the latest Portuguese territory emerged, initially expanding the island to approximately 2. Today, much of the material emanating from the volcano has been eroded and the new area on the southwestern tip side of the island is considerably lower.
The ruin of the imposing lighthouse that existed on the site is now integrated into the interpretation center of this phenomenon and the geology of the Azores.
This underground center is regarded as an infrastructure of great esthetic beauty and highly recognized educational and tourist interest. The fauna associated to this volcano is very poor, highlighting the presence of an endemic species to the Faial Island adapted to lava environments and whose population only occurs in this place, Gietella faialensis.
Habitats, species and significant ecologic processes The emerged area of the MAR in the delimitation area of the Azorean Archipelago belongs to the biogeographic region of Macaronesia, a particularly rich in fungi, plants and animals area in Europe.
Exploitation of natural resources The inhabited areas that are part of the MAR are political regions of coastal such as the Azores and the islands of St. How to say mid-atlantic ridge in sign language? Numerology Chaldean Numerology The numerical value of mid-atlantic ridge in Chaldean Numerology is: 1 Pythagorean Numerology The numerical value of mid-atlantic ridge in Pythagorean Numerology is: 5. Select another language:. Please enter your email address: Subscribe.
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This rift valley runs along the axis of the ridge for nearly its entire length, measuring some 80 to km 50 to 75 miles wide. The rift marks the actual boundary between adjacent tectonic plates, and is where magma from the mantle reaches the seafloor. Where this magma is able to reach the surface, the result is basaltic volcanoes and islands. As the plates move further apart, new ocean lithosphere is formed at the ridge and the ocean basin gets wider.
In other words, North America and Europe are moving away from each other at a very slow rate. This process also means that the basaltic rock that makes up the ridge is younger than the surrounding crust. As noted, the ridge while mainly underwater does have islands and island groups that were created by volcanic activity.
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