These early experiments in speech creation, along with his knowledge of anatomy, informed his own experiments on transmitting speech, which he began in earnest from Retrieved from the Library of Congress. This type of dismantleable model was used to teach anatomy students the complexities of human vocal physiognomy. You can see the model in the Communicate gallery at the National Museum of Scotland. He was working on the holy grail of the day: sending multiple telegraph messages over the same wire.
He aimed to make electro-mechanical devices capable of transmitting and receiving different tones for each message. Through study and experimentation, Bell hypothesised that if sound waves could be converted into a fluctuating electric current, that current could then be reconverted into sound waves identical to the original at the other end of the circuit. He was supported financially in this work by Gardiner Hubbard, a wealthy lawyer and politician, whose deaf daughter, Mabel, had been taught to lip-read and speak by Bell.
Bell fell in love with Mabel. To speed matters along, he also funded an assistant, Thomas Watson. On that very same day a few hours later — or was it actually a few hours earlier? Bell was granted the patent on 7 March Just three days later, on 10 March , his first intelligible telephone communication was made. Bell was in his laboratory with this latest experimental version of a telephone transmitter.
Two days later, Bell described what happened in his laboratory notebook:. Bell and Mabel married two days later. Bell travelled the country promoting his invention, even demonstrating the device to Queen Victoria, who was so amused she asked to keep the temporary installation in place. The first telephones — called box telephones because of their shape — went on sale later that year.
It was on this type of device that Alexander Graham Bell first transmitted sounds, though still not recognisable speech, in the summer of Made in Britain, Alexander Graham Bell demonstrated this type of phone when he visited Britain in Above: Illustration of the equipment demonstrated by Bell in London in December The Illustrated London News Dec 15 Above: British advertisement for a set of telephone instruments, Sometimes described as the most valuable patent ever filed, for years following the award, Bell had to defend his patent in expensive and protracted litigation battles brought by a whole range of inventors.
In , the US Congress formally recognised Italian Antonio Meucci as the true inventor of the telephone, based on prototypes he demonstrated in Bell and the Italian had shared a workshop in the s. Meucci was pursuing his claim in the Supreme Court when he died in France and Germany cite their own contenders for the title. Thomas Edison patented a more efficient transmitter, making longer distance calls a realistic prospect. After several court cases accusing each other of patent infringements, Bell and Edison joined forces forming the United Telephone Company in Britain in Above: Edison loud speaking telephone, on display in the Communicate gallery.
While in the U. In , he opened the School of Vocal Physiology and Mechanics of Speech in Boston, where deaf people were taught to speak. While teaching, Bell met Mabel Hubbard, a deaf student. The couple married on July 11, They went on to have four children, including two sons who died as infants. In , Bell started working on the harmonic telegraph — a device that allowed multiple messages to be transmitted over a wire at the same time.
While trying to perfect this technology, which was backed by a group of investors, Bell became preoccupied with finding a way to transmit human voice over wires. By , Bell, with the help of his partner Thomas Watson, had come up with a simple receiver that could turn electricity into sound.
On March 7, , Bell was granted his telephone patent. Watson, come here. I want you. In , the U. In addition to the telephone, Bell worked on hundreds of projects throughout his career and received patents in various fields.
Some of his other notable inventions were:. In , Bell was awarded the French Volta Prize, and with the money, he founded a facility devoted to scientific discovery, the Volta Laboratory in Washington, D.
Bell invented numerous techniques to help teach speech to the deaf and even worked with well-known author and activist Helen Keller. He also helped launch Science magazine , and from to served as president of the National Geographic Society. In , Bell was given the controversial title of honorary president at the Second International Congress of Eugenics.
Later in his life, Bell focused on aviation and hydrofoil inventions. Some famous quotes attributed to Bell include:. Bell died on August 2, , at the age of 75 in Nova Scotia, Canada. The cause of his death was complications from diabetes.
He was survived by his wife and two daughters. Today, the famous scientist is remembered for his groundbreaking work in sound technology and improving education for the deaf. His best-known invention, the telephone, forever changed the way humans communicate with each other. Alexander Graham Bell. History: Alexander Graham Bell. Famous Scientists. Who is credited with inventing the telephone? The Library of Congress. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us!
Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. He was an immigrant. Bell was born on March 3, , in Edinburgh, Scotland.
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