Is it different for someone with a medical degree versus someone with an advanced degree in biology or literature, for example? Do they agree or disagree with what they found in the style guides? Assignment 3 Advanced In addition to the questions in the easy and intermediate assignments, have students look up how these degree names are abbreviated differently in British English and American English.
See this page about periods in abbreviations if you get stuck. Image courtesy of Shutterstock. The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition. AP Stylebook. Possessives and Attributives. Her popular LinkedIn Learning courses help people write better to communicate better.
Jump to Navigation. By Mignon Fogarty Grammar Girl. Many confuse the em dash for the slightly narrower en dash or the even narrower hyphen. The em dash can be created by holding down the ALT key and typing on the numeric keypad right side of the keyboard.
Macintosh users, press Shift-Option and the minus key at the same time. En Dash. The en dash is used to represent a span or range of numbers, dates, or time. There should be no space between the en dash and the adjacent material. The en dash can be created by holding down the ALT key and typing on the numeric keypad right side of the keyboard. Macintosh users, press the option and minus keys simultaneously.
For rules about capitalizing hyphenated words in a title or headline, see our capitalization section. Separates major parts of a compound sentence. A semicolon is not interchangeable with a colon. Check carefully which you have typed on the keyboard: the colon requires the shift key; the semicolon does not. In academic or University references, use advisor.
In all other uses, including business references, use adviser. While both terms have the same meaning and are used interchangeably, the more common and preferred term in this country is toward.
Always include the first name or complete initials of individuals the first time they appear written in copy. As a general rule, the title of a work that is part of a larger work is placed in quotation marks while the title of the complete work itself is italicized. When necessary in body copy, a URL uniform resource locator or email address may be broken at the end of a line as follows:. Before a single slash, period, or other punctuation mark or symbol:.
Never insert a hyphen when breaking a URL or email address that falls at the end of a line. The extraneous punctuation only confuses a valid URL. But be sure to test any URL that will appear online or in a print publication to ensure that the link connects.
URLs are easily recognizable in body copy and generally require no further instruction on accessing them. Note that Reich Family Pavilion encompasses the area of the Sports Center that includes the arena, swimming pool, ticket office, and office suite.
Events in other parts of the building, including the Hartford Volleyball Gym, should not be listed as taking place in the Reich Family Pavilion. Use Department of Athletics and Director of Athletics when possible. Otherwise, use athletics department or athletics director.
Do not write athletic department or athletic director. Athletics not athletic should modify all terms with the exception of trainer, which will conform with the professional industry organization terminology. For coaches and athletics administrators, capitalize titles only when it is a direct title before their name. Otherwise, use lowercase. The nickname is Hawks in all instances of our Division I men's and women's teams. Never put a modifying term in front of Hawks. America East postseason events not in tournament format should be referred to as championship.
Otherwise, use tournament. In order of priority, please consult the following resources for situations that are not outlined in this University of Hartford editorial style guide.
The Associated Press Stylebook: The AP Stylebook is widely used as a writing and editing reference tool in newsrooms, classrooms, and offices worldwide. Online subscriptions to both can be ordered at apstylebook. The Chicago Manual of Style: This is an additional resource to be consulted only when specific questions have not been addressed by either UHart or AP style guidelines.
Learn more at chicagomanualofstyle. This extends to all mediums, including print, digital, video, web, and environmental. Please contact Paula Ribeiro at Editorial Style Guide.
Questions about the editorial style guide? The word "the" should precede "Rev. Billy Graham. The University uses this title only with medical doctors, dentists and veterinary doctors. Abbreviate state names when used with town or city in photo captions, lists, tables, and short-form listings of political party affiliation.
Use two-letter postal abbreviations only in mailing addresses that include a zip code. For headlines, avoid abbreviating states whenever possible. Never abbreviate any month when it stands alone or with only a year. Classes begin on Sept. February was unusually warm. Names of other countries. Abbreviate United States as U. Spell out when used as a noun: We live in the United States. The word "percent" using a symbol in general copy: Alumni participation in the Annual Fund went up 10 percent this year.
For other applications, follow these guidelines: Abbreviate state names when used with town or city in photo captions, lists, tables, and short-form listings of political party affiliation. Montana Mont. Alaska Alaska Nebraska Neb.
Arizona Ariz. Nevada Nev. Arkansas Ark. New Hampshire N. California Calif. New Jersey N. Colorado Colo. New Mexico N. Connecticut Conn. New York N. Delaware Del. North Carolina N. Florida Fla. North Dakota N. Georgia Ga. Idaho Idaho Oregon Ore.
Illinois Ill. Pennsylvania Pa. Indiana Ind. Rhode Island R. Iowa Iowa South Carolina S. Kansas Kan. South Dakota S. Even if you did well in English and grammar courses earlier on, such a detail may not be something you address every day. In old English, this meant a young man and possibly a knight who had completed the lowest degree level at a university. However, you might also be looking to include that term on a resume or other official document. With that in mind, you might want to know about capitalization as well.
However, you may also often see it as part of a specific title. In those cases, it would usually be capitalized. In this case, it is being used as a proper noun so it needs to be capitalized. Whether you have a degree, are working on one, or simply want to improve your English language skills for everyday communication, we can help. Browse our archive for a subject of interest or use the search function to find the specific topic you wish to address!
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